Epidemiology and infectious diseases

doi: 10.25005/2074-0581-2017-19-3-387-392
INFECTIONS TRANSFER FACTORS WITH THE SPREAD OF INTESTINAL DISEASES IN VARIOUS REGIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN

H.K. Rafiev1, S.T. Ibodov2, M.S. Talabov3, G.M. Usmanova1, S.G. Ali-Zade4, N.B. Lukyanov5

1Department of Epidemiology, Avicenna Tajik State University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
2Department of Anatomy, Avicenna Tajik State University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
3Department of Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases, Tajik National University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
4Department of Science and Innovations, Avicenna Tajik State University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
5Scientific Research Institute for Medical and Social Expertise and Rehabilitation of the Disabled People, Dushanbe, Tajikistan

Objective: The study of the waterway transmission as dominant, with the spread of intestinal infections.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of the journals for the registration of infectious diseases, maps of epidemiological checkups of typhoid foci, dysentery, diarrheal diseases, infectious hepatitis A (HAV) for 1980-2015, as well as reports of the Republican and regional CSSES (Center for State Sanitary and Epidemiological Surveillance) on infectious diseases were carried out.

Results: The dominance of the water factor under conditions of the specific weight of Flexner shigellosis during the period of under study ranged between 75-85%. Compared with typhoid fever and bacterial dysentery, the incidence of diarrhoea in the country during the analyzed period remains at a high enough level – from 629.0 to 1206.3, and in 2015, it rose sharply and reached 2150 per 100 thousand. The indicators for the Regions of Republican Subordination, Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region and Khatlon Region varied the broad mass of the population. The performed complex of sanitary-epidemiological evaluation paths and transmission factors identified the dominant value of an aqueous (90%) and a minor role contact-domestic (6.2%) and food (3.8%) of acute intestinal infections transmission routes among the population.

Conclusion: Typhoid fever, acute intestinal infections, dysentery, hepatitis A in the Republic of Tajikistan are a typical aquatic infection associated with the constant activity of the waterway transmission, which often causes large epidemic outbreaks.

Keywords: Diarrheal diseases, intestinal infections, the source of drinking water-supply.

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Author information:


Rafiev Khamdam Kutfidinovich,
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Full Professor, Professor of the Department of Epidemiology, Avicenna TSMU

Ibodov Saidmukim Tilloevich,
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Full Professor, Professor of the Department of Anatomy, Avicenna TSMU

Talabov Mahmadali Sayfovich,
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases, Tajik National University

Usmanova Gulnora Mukimovna,
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Assistant of the Department of Epidemiology, Avicenna TSMU

Ali-Zade Sukhrob Gaffarovich,
Candidate of Medical Sciences, Senior Researcher of the Department of Science and Innovations, Avicenna TSMU

Lukyanov Nikolay Borisovich,
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Full Professor, Head of the Department of New Methods and Technologies, Scientific Research Institute for Medical and Social Expertise and Rehabilitation of the Disabled People

Conflicts of interest: No conflict

Address for correspondence:


Ali-Zade Sukhrob Gaffarovich, Candidate of Medical Sciences, Senior

Researcher of the Department of Science and Innovations, Avicenna TSMU

734003, Republic of Tajikistan, Dushanbe, Rudaki Ave., 139

Tel.: (+992) 928 217755

E-mail: suhrob_a@mail.ru

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