Literature Reviews
doi: 10.25005/2074-0581-2018-20-4-462-466
CURRENT ISSUES OF THE OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH OF PASSENGER VEHICLE DRIVERS IN THE CONDITIONS OF HOT CLIMATE

B.Kh. Nushervoni, A.B. Babaev

Department of Hygiene and Ecology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan

The article contains data on the impact of factors of the working environment and labour process on the health status of drivers of passenger vehicles and incidence rates with a temporary disability. Based on the research, the authors note that drivers of buses and trolleybuses are exposed to various physical and chemical factors in combination with factors of the labor process. It is noted that drivers perform very intense work, depending on the degree of traffic intensity in large cities. In addition, they must, according to the schedule, abide by a rigid mode of time around the city. Drivers are responsible for the safety of passengers, and other road users, which leads to a significant psychological stress. Many drivers complain about an overtime work, increasing to 10-11 hours a day. At the same time, in the air of workplaces the content of carbon monoxide and nitrous oxide is noted, the number of which in many cases exceeds their maximum permissible concentration. Analysis of the literature suggests that the features of the labour of drivers of passenger vehicles when working in hot climates and congestion of urban highways are not well understood.

Keywords: Driver, motor transport, working conditions, production factors.

Download file:

References
  1. Zakharov SV, Legusova DN. Analiz usloviy truda voditeley avtomobil’nogo transporta [Analysis of working conditions of drivers of motor transport]. Bezopasnost’ truda. 2012;1:46-8.
  2. Averyanov YuI, Smirnov DV. Uluchshenie usloviy i bezopasnosti truda voditeley avtomobil’nykh transportnykh sredstv [Improving the conditions and safety of drivers of motor vehicles]. Aktual’nye napravleniya nauchnykh issledovaniy: teoriya i praktika. 2015;4(1):11-4.
  3. Odinaeva LE, Khasanov FD. Aktualnye voprosy gigieny truda rabotnikov gazoochistnykh kompleksov alyuminievogo proizvodstva [Actual issues of occupational hygiene of workers of gas cleaning complexes of aluminum production]. Vestnik pedagogicheskogo universiteta. 2012;6:214-8.
  4. Svechikhina OS, Bakiko EV, Serdyuk VS. Uluchshenie usloviy truda voditeley transportnykh sredstv [Improvement of working conditions for drivers of vehicles]. Dinamika sistem, mekhanizmov i mashin. 2009;3:420-2.
  5. Elgarov MA. Ishemicheskie ataki u voditeley – faktory riska dorozhnotransportnykh proisshestviy [Ischemic attacks in drivers - risk factors for road accidents]. Meditsina truda i promyshlennaya ekologiya. 2010;11:27-30.
  6. Afanasyeva RF. Mediko-biologicheskie aspekty normirovaniya i otsenki mikroklimata: itogi i perspektivy dal’neyshikh issledovaniy [Medical and biologic aspects of regulation and evaluation of microclimate: results and prospects of further studies] Meditsina truda i promyshlennaya ekologiya. 2008;6:48-51.
  7. Grebenkov SV, Sukhova YAM. Otsenka usloviy truda i professional’nogo riska u voditeley gruzovogo avtotransporta [Assessment of working conditions and occupational risk among truck drivers]. Profilakticheskaya i klinicheskaya meditsina. 2016;3:12-7.
  8. Komarov YuYa, Ovchar NA, Todorev AN, Dyatlov MN. Analiz spetsifiki i kharaktera truda voditeley marshrutnogo passazhirskogo avtotransporta v usloviyakh krupnogo goroda [Analysis of the specifics and nature of the work of drivers of route passenger transport in the conditions of a large city]. Gruzovik. 2017;7:37-40.
  9. Nasriddinova AA. Puti ozdorovleniya usloviy truda rabotnikov, svarshchikov i prokhodchikov pri podzemnykh usloviyakh [Ways to improve the working conditions of workers, welders and drifters in underground conditions]. Vestnik Avitsenny [Avicenna Bulletin]. 2008;1:92-7.
  10. Zakharov SV, Goydin SA, Legusova DN. Printsipy otsenki vozdeystviya vrednykh proizvodstvennykh faktorov na voditeley avtomobil’nogo transporta [Principles of assessing the impact of harmful production factors on drivers of road transport]. Bezopasnost’ zhiznedeyatel’nosti. 2012;7:2-6.
  11. Bashkireva AS, Khurtsiloeva OG, Khavinoya VKh. Sravnitel’nyy analiz professional’nogo riska uskorennogo stareniya u rabotayushchikh vo vrednykh usloviyakh [Comparative analysis of occupational risk of accelerated aging in workers in harmful conditions.]. Gigiena okruzhayushchey i proizvodstvennoy sredy. 2013;4:20-6.
  12. Vladimirov SN. Vliyanie avtotransporta na pokazateli zdorov’ya naseleniya Moskvy [Influence of motor transport on indicators of health of the population of Moscow]. Byulleten’ nauki i praktiki. 2016;5:35.
  13. Alekseev IE. Povyshenie effektivnosti komfortnykh usloviy raboty voditeley transportnykh sredstv [Increase the efficiency of comfortable working conditions for drivers of vehicles]. Nauka 21 veka. 2016;3:50-3.
  14. Rotfeld MV. Problemy normativnogo pravovogo obespecheniya okhrany truda v organizatsiyakh gorodskogo nazemnogo elektrotransporta [Problems of normative legal support of labor protection in organizations of urban ground electric transport]. Okhrana i ekonomika truda. 2011;1:20-3.
  15. Avuza AN. Normativnaya baza i osobennosti attestatsii rabochikh mest voditeley [Normative base and features of certification of workplaces of drivers]. Gruzovik. 2014;1:26-30.
  16. Odinaeva LE, Khasanov FD. Vliyanie faktorov proizvodstvennoy sredy na funktsional’noe sostoyanie organizma i zabolevaemost’ rabotnikov gornotransportnogo kompleksa tsementnogo proizvodstva [Influence of factors of the production environment on the functional state of the organism and morbidity of workers in the mining and transport complex of cement production]. Vestnik Avitsenny [Avicenna Bulletin]. 2008;2:128-32.
  17. Radchenko OR, Mukhametshin IR. Obraz zhizni, usloviya truda i sostoyanie reproduktivnogo zdorov’ya voditeley [Lifestyle, working conditions and reproductive health of drivers]. Problemy reproduktsii. 2013;1:26.
  18. Istomin SV, Turchenko VN. O bezopasnosti truda na predpriyatiyakh avtotransporta [On the safety of labor at motor transport enterprises]. Okhrana i ekonomika truda. 2014;3:33-9.
  19. Syurin SA, Shilov VV. Professionalnye riski zdorov’ya rabotnikov transporta gorno-khimicheskogo kompleksa Kolskogo zapolyarya [Professional risks of health of transport workers of the mining and chemical complex tension of the Kola Arctic]. Meditsina truda i promyshlennaya ekologiya. 2016;6:6-11.
  20. Sarokin GA, Shilov VV, Grebenkov SV. Otsenka professional’nogo obuslovlennogo i neprofessional’nogo riskov narusheniya zdorovya u voditeley gruzovykh avtomobiley [Assessment of professional conditioned and unprofessional health risks for truck drivers]. Meditsina truda i promyshlennaya ekologiya. 2016;6:1-6.
  21. Pankov VA, Kuleshova MV, Shayakhmetov SF. Gigienicheskaya otsenka usloviy truda i sostoyanie zdorov’ya lyotnogo sostava grazhdanskoy aviatsii [Hygienic assessment of working conditions and health status of the flight crew of civil aviation]. Meditsina truda i promyshlennaya ekologiya. 2017;10:29-34.
  22. Nekrasova MM, Ashirova SA, Bobokha MA. Allostaticheskie nagruzki u voditeley avtobusov [Allostatic loads of bus drivers]. Meditsinskiy al’manakh. 2016;4:158-61.
  23. Kravtsov MN, Bochkovin LV. Analiz vozmozhnostey snizheniya vliyaniya vrednykh veshchestv v vozdukhe rabochey zony na bezopasnost’ truda voditeley dorozhnykh mashin i rabochikh [Analysis of the possibilities to reduce the effect of harmful substances in the air of the work area on the safety of drivers of road machines and workers]. Vestnik Khar’kovskogo natsional’nogo avtomobil’no-dorozhnogo universiteta. 2015;68:69-73.
  24. Suvidova TA, Oleshchenko AM, Kislitsyna VV. Gigienicheskaya otsenka usloviy truda i professional’noy zabolevaemosti rabotnikov avtotransportnykh predpriyatiy [Hygienic assessment of working conditions and occupational morbidity of employees of motor transport enterprises]. Meditsina truda i promyshlennaya ekologiya. 2018;6:4-6.
  25. Chernov OE, Kolyagin VYA. Psikhofiziologicheskie aspekty bezopasnosti professional’noy deyatelnosti na transporte [Psychophysiological Aspects of Occupational Safety in Transport]. Meditsinskaya sestra. 2015;2:18-20.
  26. Zhidebay ZhT. Fiziologo-gigienicheskaya kharakteristika truda avtomobilistov [Physiological and hygienic characteristics of motorists]. Nauka i novye tekhnologii. 2009;1-2:292-4.
  27. Prokopenko LV, Shevkun IG. Otsenka rabochey sredy voditeley razlichnykh tipov avtobusov [Assessment of working environment for drivers of different types of buses]. Meditsina truda i promyshlennaya ekologiya. 2009;7:12-7.
  28. Dragan SP, Zinkin VN, Kikushkin YUA. Gigienicheskaya otsenka akusticheskoy obstanovki na rabochikh mestakh aviatsionnykh spetsialistov i voditeley tyazhyolykh gruzovikov i sposoby ikh zashchity ot shuma [Hygienic assessment of the acoustic environment at workplaces of aviation experts and drivers of heavy trucks and ways to protect them from noise]. Gigiena truda. 2015;12:29-30.
  29. Sukhova YaM, Grebenkov SV. Professional’nyy risk zabolevaniy sistemy krovoobrashcheniya u voditeley gruzovogo spetsializirovannogo avtotransporta [Professional risk of diseases of the circulatory system among drivers of specialized trucks]. Vestnik Rossiyskoy Voenno-meditsinskoy akademii. 2016;3:57-60
  30. Deriugin OV, Tretiak OO, Cheberiachko SI. Analysis of sanitary and hygienic labour conditions of drivers of public transport buses. Mechanics, Materials Science & Engineering. 2018;13:34.
  31. Troshin VV, Fedotova IV, Blinova TV, Morozova PN. Serdechno-sosudistye zabolevaniya u voditeley i bezopasnost’ dorozhnogo dvizheniya [Cardiovascular diseases in drivers and road safety]. Meditsina truda i promyshlennaya ekologiya. 2018;3:27-9.
  32. Radchenko OR, Mukhametshin IR. Obraz zhizni, usloviya truda i sostoyanie reproduktivnogo zdorov’ya voditeley [Lifestyle, working conditions and reproductive health of drivers]. Meditsinskiy al’manakh. 2012;3:26-31.
  33. Turchenko VN, Gamayunov SYu. Osobennosti i kharakter professional’noy zabolevaemosti rabotnikov avtotransportnykh predpriyatiy [Peculiarities and nature of occupational morbidity of workers of motor transport enterprises]. Okhrana i ekonomika truda. 2017;3:44-8.
  34. Nikitin AS. Vliyanie faktorov proizvodstvennoy sredy i trudovogo protsessa na fiziologicheskie pokazateli sostoyaniya organizma rabotayushchikh [Influence of factors of the industrial environment and labour process on physiological parameters of a condition of an organism of workers]. Rossiyskiy medikobiologicheskiy vestnik im. akademika I.P. Pavlova. 2009;4:66-73.
  35. Chudinin NV, Kiryushin VA, Rakitina IS. Otsenka professional’nogo riska, kak metod prognozirovaniya sostoyaniya zdorov’ya rabotnikov, zanyatykh vo vrednykh usloviyakh truda [Assessment of occupational risk, as a method of predicting of the health of workers employed in harmful labor conditions]. Nauka molodykh. 2013;1:5-11.

Authors' information:

Nushervoni Biloli Khaliliyon,
Doctoral PhD of the Department of Hygiene and Ecology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University

Babaev Abdunaim Babaevich,
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Full Professor, Professor of the Department of Hygiene and Ecology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University

Conflicts of interest: No conflict

Address for correspondence:

Nushervoni Biloli Khaliliyon

Doctoral PhD of the Department of Hygiene and Ecology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University

734003, Republic of Tajikistan, Dushanbe, Rudaki Ave., 139

Tel.: +992 (985) 020129

E-mail: nbilol@inbox.ru

◄ Back to the list