Literature Reviews
doi: 10.25005/2074-0581-2021-23-3-432-442
HISTORY OF APPLICATION OF LOCAL ANESTHETICS FOR NEUROAXIAL BLOCKS

O.N. Yamshchikov, A.P. Marchenko, S.A. Emelyanov, A.V. Cherkaeva, M.A. Ignatova

Department of Hospital Surgery with a Course of Traumatology, Tambov State University named after G.R. Derzhavin, Tambov, Russian Federation

Modern anesthesia is a very complex process, in which an important role is played not only by a highly qualified specialist, making quick and deliberate decisions in emergency and planned situations, but also a set of ways to solve the problems faced by him. This review provides information on pharmacological drugs – anesthetics, used to perform spinal and epidural anesthesia, which are described in chronological order. The origin of anesthetics is considered; as well as their inventors and promoters, positive and negative effects; indications and contraindications; choices of local anesthetics for various surgical interventions; methods of their application; dose and volume; and physiological effects of neuraxial blocks. In recent years, there have been global changes in the pharmacological arsenal of anesthesiologists. New pain management drugs with significant benefits have emerged. Modern anesthetics provide a longer analgesic effect than their precursors, lack significant toxic effect, do not cause significant hemodynamic changes during surgery, and have a short latency period, which allows them to be recommended for spinal, epidural and spinal-epidural anesthesia.

Keywords: Local anesthetics, spinal anesthesia, epidural anesthesia, spinal-epidural anesthesia.

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Authors' information:

Yamshchikov Oleg Nikolaevich
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Hospital Surgery with a Course of Traumatology, Tambov State University named after G.R. Derzhavin
ORCID ID: 0000-0001-6825-7599
E-mail: travma68@mail.ru

Marchenko Aleksandr Petrovich
Senior Lecturer, Department of Hospital Surgery with a Course of Traumatology, Tambov State University named after G.R. Derzhavin
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-9387-3374
E-mail: sashamarchen@mail.ru

Emelyanov Sergey Aleksandrovich
Associate Professor, Department of Hospital Surgery with Course Traumatology, Tambov State University named after G.R. Derzhavin
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-5550-4199
E-mail: cep_a@mail.ru

Cherkaeva Aleksandra Vladimirovna
Resident Doctor in the specialty Anesthesiology- Resuscitation, Tambov State University named after G.R. Derzhavin
ORCID ID: 0000-0001-8648-2263
E-mail: kovalchenko927@yandex.ru

Ignatova Marina Aleksandrovna
Senior Lecturer, Department of Hospital Surgery with a Course of Traumatology, Tambov State University named after G.R. Derzhavin
ORCID ID: 0000-0001-9800-6678
E-mail: marina.gredyushko@mail.ru

Information about support in the form of grants, equipment, medications

The authors did not receive financial support from companies manufacturing medications and medical equipment

Conflicts of interest: No conflict

Address for correspondence:

Cherkaeva Aleksandra Vladimirovna
Resident Doctor in the specialty Anesthesiology-Resuscitation, Tambov State University named after G.R. Derzhavin

392000, Russian Federation, Tambov, Sovetskaya str., 93

Tel.: +7 (915) 6718627

E-mail: kovalchenko927@yandex.ru

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