ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Vascular Surgery
doi: 10.25005/2074-0581-2026-28-3-704-719
PERSONALIZED ASSESSMENT OF THE RISK OF SEVERE VARICOSE VEINS OF THE LOWER LIMBS BASED ON BIOCHEMICAL AND GENETIC INDICATORS

A.A. KAMAEV, R.E. KALININ, I.A. SUCHKOV, A.S. PSHENNIKOV

Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Endovascular Surgery and Diagnostic Radiology, Ryazan State Medical University named after Academician I.P. Pavlov, Ryazan, Russian Federation

Objective: To evaluate biochemical and genetic factors associated with severe forms of VVLE (classes C4-C6 according to the CEAP classification) to develop a personalized risk stratification approach.

Methods: This observational comparative study included 371 patients with VVLE. Of these, 187 patients had clinical classes C2-C3, and 184 had classes C4-C6. All patients underwent duplex ultrasound scanning of the lower extremity veins. Peripheral venous blood levels of E-selectin, MCP-1, MMP-2, VEGF, and MMP-9 were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Genotyping of 13 single-nucleotide polymorphisms was performed using real-time PCR.

Results: Patients with severe disease were significantly older and had higher levels of all studied biochemical markers (p<0.001). Independent predictors for the development of classes C4-C6 were patient age, the levels of MMP-9 (OR=1.248), MMP-2 (OR=1.015), and VEGF (OR=1.016), as well as the genetic polymorphisms VEGFA rs2010963, MMP2 rs243865, and COL1A1 rs1800012. The combined predictive model demonstrated high discriminatory ability (AUC=0.91) with a sensitivity of 81% and a specificity of 88%.

Conclusion: The developed model enables personalized risk assessment of varicose vein progression. It can identify patients at high risk of developing severe forms of the disease early.

Keywords: Varicose veins, chronic venous insufficiency, biochemical markers, genetic polymorphisms, risk prediction.

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Authors' information:

Kamaev Aleksey Andereevich,
Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Endovascular Surgery and Diagnostic Radiology, Ryazan State Medical University named after Academician I.P. Pavlov
Scopus ID: 57193426180
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-3979-1271
SPIN: 9351-7209
Author ID: 792147
E-mail: kamaev.rgmu@yandex.ru

Kalinin Roman Evgenievich,
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Full Professor, Head of the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Endovascular Surgery and Diagnostic Radiology, Ryazan State Medical University named after Academician I.P. Pavlov
Researcher ID: M-1554-2016
Scopus ID: 24331764400
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-0817-9573
SPIN: 5009-2318
Author ID: 528201
E-mail: kalinin-re@yandex.ru

Suchkov Igor Aleksandrovich,
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Full Professor, Professor of the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Endovascular Surgery and Diagnostic Radiology, Ryazan State Medical University named after Academician I.P. Pavlov
Researcher ID: M-1180-2016
Scopus ID: 56001271800
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-1292-5452
SPIN: 6473-8662
Author ID: 446567
E-mail: suchkov_med@mail.ru

Pshennikov Aleksandr Sergeevich,
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Endovascular Surgery and Diagnostic Radiology, Ryazan State Medical University named after Academician I.P. Pavlov
Scopus ID: 56001098500
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-1687-332X
SPIN: 3962-7057
Author ID: 712619
E-mail: pshennikov1610@rambler.ru

Information about support in the form of grants, equipment, medications

The authors did not receive financial support from manufacturers of medicines and medical equipment

Conflicts of interest: No conflict

Address for correspondence:

Kamaev Aleksey Andereevich
Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Endovascular Surgery and Diagnostic Radiology, Ryazan State Medical University

390026, Russian Federation, Ryazan, Vysokovoltnaya str., 9

Тел.: +7 (951) 1012123

E-mail: kamaev.rgmu@yandex.ru


This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Materials on the topic:
  1. PERIARTERIAL DIGITAL SYMPATHECTOMY IN THE TREATMENT OF RAYNAUND’S PHENOMENON

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