Hygiene
doi: 10.25005/2074-0581-2020-22-2-228-236
ANALYSIS OF THE LEVEL OF ATMOSPHERIC AIR POLLUTION OF URBAN ENVIRONMENT (ON THE EXAMPLE OF CHITA CITY)

L.A. Mikhaylova1, E.S. Tomskikh1, S.E. Lapa2, N.M. Burlaka2, M.A. Smolyaninova2

1Department of Hygiene, Chita State Medical Academy, Chita, Russian Federation
2Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being in the Trans-Baikal Territory, Chita, Russian Federation

Objective: To analyze the level of atmospheric air pollution, as a factor of affecting the health of the population of Chita in dynamics over the period 2001-2019.

Methods: The level of atmospheric air pollution analysis was carried out on the basis of the average daily concentrations of 12 substances (sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, suspended particles, phenol, soot, formaldehyde, hydrogen sulfide, nitric oxide, ozone, benzo(a)pyrene, ammonia). The degree of chemical pollution assessment was performed in accordance with Hygienic Standard 2.1.6.3492 - 17 «Maximum allowable content (MAC) of pollutants in the atmospheric air of urban and rural settlements».

Results: The high level of atmospheric air pollution in Chita (aggregate coefficient variates from 9.4 to 13.7) is due to natural climatic conditions, mountain-basin topography, and features of the territory planning structure. The principal sources of emissions are heat and power engineering enterprises, motor vehicle emissions, and stove-heating dwelling houses. Prioritized contaminants include benzo(a)pyrene, suspended substances (dust, fume), and phenol. For investigating period reviews an increase of the proportion of air samples with the content of priority contaminants in concentrations exceeding the MAC on average of 18% per year. An allocation of the level of contaminants throughout the city is uneven, the maximum concentrations are fixed by stationary stations № 4 and № 5, which is due to their allocation at the lowest marks of terrain, peculiarities of the migration of gaseous and suspended substances along the maximum wind rose vector, the relief obstacle for distant scattering.

Conclusion: The analysis of the atmospheric air pollution level in dynamics revealed a negative tendency of an increase in the concentration of benzo(a)pyrene, phenol, dust (suspended substances) which can lead to a significant deterioration in the health status of the population and a reduction of the expected duration of a healthy life.

Keywords: Hygienic monitoring, atmospheric air , level of contaminants.

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Authors' information:

Mikhaylova Larisa Alfredasovna
Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Hygiene, Chita State Medical Academy
Scopus ID: 57206485964
ORCID ID: 0000-0001-7470-990X
Author ID: 540996
SPIN: 3125-3516
E-mail: kaf.gig75@yandex.ru

Tomskikh Elvira Sergeevna
Assistant of the Department of Hygiene, Chita State Medical Academy
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-1154-5036
Author ID: 634885
SPIN: 7756-3830
E-mail: ehlvira-tomskikh@yandex.ru

Lapa Svetlana Eduardovna
Head of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being in the Trans-Baikal Territory
ORCID ID: 0000-0001-5375-6408
E-mail: tur@75.rospotrebnadzor.ru

Burlaka Natalia Mikhaylovna
Head of the Organization and Maintenance of Activities Department, Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being in the Trans-Baikal Territory
ORCID ID: 0000-0001-8242-2757
E-mail: tur@75.rospotrebnadzor.ru

Smolyaninova Marina Anatolievna
Main Specialist-Expert of the Organization and Maintenance of Activities Department, Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being in the Trans-Baikal Territory
ORCID ID: 0000-0001-8242-2757
E-mail: tur@75.rospotrebnadzor.ru

Information about support in the form of grants, equipment, medications

The work was carried out according to the plan of scientific research works of Chita State Medical Academy (registration number – АААА-А18-118121090006-5). The authors did not receive financial support from manufacturers of medicines and medical equipment

Conflicts of interest: No conflict

Address for correspondence:

Tomskikh Elvira Sergeevna
Assistant of the Department of Hygiene, Chita State Medical Academy

672000, Russian Federation, Chita, Gorkogo str., 39a

Tel.: +7 (924) 3772215

E-mail: ehlvira-tomskikh@yandex.ru

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