Epidemiology
doi: 10.25005/2074-0581-2024-26-2-254-261
PREVALENCE OF OBESITY IN CHILDREN AGED 5 TO 14 IN TAJIKISTAN FROM 2017 TO 2021
1Department of Pediatric Diseases № 1, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan
2Department Epidemiology named after Professor Kh.K. Rafiev, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan
Objective: To study the prevalence of obesity among children aged 5 to 14 years in the Republic of Tajikistan (RT) from 2017 to 2021
Methods: The clinical data used for research was obtained from the Republican Center of Medical Statistics and Information of the Ministry of Health and Social Protection of the Population of the RT. The data covered the period from 2017 to 2021 and included obese children between the ages of 5 and 14. Descriptive statistical methods were used to analyze the results, including data aggregation and trend line derivation. The range of values and their 95% confidence intervals were also calculated. For this purpose, absolute values were converted into rates per 10,000 children aged 5 to 14
Results: : According to the study results, the prevalence of obesity among children aged between 5 and 14 years has increased between 2017 and 2021. In 2017, there were approximately 28 obese children per 10,000, while by the end of 2021, this number had risen to 102 per 10,000 children. The study also found a significant increase in the number of obese children in the capital city of Dushanbe and the Sughd region. The number of obese children was higher in urban than rural areas. However, there is also a noticeable increase in the number of children with obesity in rural areas; at the same time, in urban areas, obesity is more prevalent in girls than in boys.
Conclusion: The study showed a rapid increase in childhood obesity rates, particularly in urban areas. To mitigate this issue, it is essential to utilize specialized programs.
Keywords: Children, obesity, epidemiology, urban/rural healthcare, body mass index (BMI), morbidity, rising morbidity.
References
- Dhaliwal KK, Orsso CE, Richard C, Haqq AM, Zwaigenbaum L. Risk factors for unhealthy weight gain and obesity among children with autism spectrum disorder. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019;20(13):3285. https:// doi.org/10.3390/ijms20133285
- Nittari G, Scuri S, Petrelli F, Pirillo I, di Luca NM, Grappasonni I. Fighting obesity in children from European World Health Organization member states. Epidemiological data, medical-social aspects, and prevention programs. La Clinica Terapeutica. 2019;170(3):e223-e230. https://doi.org/10.7417/CT.2019.2137
- Grove G, Ziauddeen N, Roderick P, Vassilev I, Appleton JV, Smith D, et al. Mixed methods feasibility and usability testing of a childhood obesity risk estimation tool. BMC Public Health. 2023;23(1):1719. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889023-16500-2
- Littleton SH, Berkowitz RI, Grant SFA. Genetic determinants of childhood obesity. Molecular Diagnosis & Therapy. 2020;24(6):653-63. https://doi. org/10.1007/s40291-020-00496-1
- Lee EY, Yoon KH. Epidemic obesity in children and adolescents: Risk factors and prevention. Frontiers of Medicine. 2018;12(6):658-66. https://doi. org/10.1007/s11684-018-0640-1
- Barnett TA, Kelly AS, Young DR, Perry CK, Pratt CA, Edwards NM, Rao G, Vos MB, & American Heart Association Obesity Committee of the Council on Lifestyle and Cardiometabolic Health; Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young; and Stroke Council. Sedentary behaviors in today's youth: Approaches to the prevention and management of childhood obesity: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2018;138(11):e142-e159. https:// doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000591
- Kahan D, McKenzie TL. The potential and reality of physical education in controlling overweight and obesity. Am J Public Health. 2015;105(4):653-9. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2014.302355
- Verduci E, Bronsky J, Embleton N, Gerasimidis K, Indrio F, Köglmeier J, de Koning B, Lapillonne A, Moltu SJ, Norsa L, Domellöf M, & ESPGHAN Committee on Nutrition. Role of dietary factors, food habits, and lifestyle in childhood obesity development: A position paper from the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Committee on Nutrition. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition. 2021;72(5):769-83. https://doi. org/10.1097/MPG.0000000000003075
- Poorolajal J, Sahraei F, Mohamdadi Y, Doosti-Irani A, Moradi L. Behavioral factors influencing childhood obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obesity Research & Clinical Practice. 2020;14(2):109-18. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.orcp.2020.03.002
- Jia P, Luo M, Li Y, Zheng JS, Xiao Q, Luo J. Fast-food restaurant, unhealthy eating, and childhood obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obesity reviews. 2021;22 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):e12944. https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.12944
- Tsutieva ASh, Dzgoeva FKh. Fastfud i ozhirenie – pod ugrozoy deti i podrostki? [Fast food and obesity: Risks to children and adolescents?]. Ozhirenie i metabolizm. 2022;19(1):106-15. https://doi.org/10.14341/omet12755
- Harris JL, LoDolce M, Dembek C, Schwartz MB. Sweet promises: Candy advertising to children and implications for industry self-regulation. Appetite. 2015;95:585-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2015.07.028
- Boyland EJ, Nolan S, Kelly B, Tudur-Smith C, Jones A, Halford JC, et al. Advertising as a cue to consume: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of acute exposure to unhealthy food and nonalcoholic beverage advertising on intake in children and adults, 2. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2016;103(2):519-33. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.115.120022
- Kazmierski KFM, Borelli JL, Rao U. Negative affect, childhood adversity, and adolescents' eating following stress. Appetite. 2022;168:105766. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.appet.2021.105766
- Shriver LH, Dollar JM, Calkins SD, Keane SP, Shanahan L, Wideman L. Emotional eating in adolescence: Effects of emotion regulation, weight status and negative body image. Nutrients. 2020;13(1):79. https://doi.org/10.3390/ nu13010079
- Jáuregui-Lobera I, Iglesias Conde A, Sánchez Rodríguez J, Arispon Cid J, Andrades Ramírez C, Herrero Martín G, et al. Self-perception of weight and physical fitness, body image perception, control weight behaviors and eating behaviors in adolescents. Nutricion Hospitalaria. 2018;35(5):1115-23. https:// doi.org/10.20960/nh.1726
- Herle M, Fildes A, Llewellyn CH. Emotional eating is learned not inherited in children, regardless of obesity risk. Pediatric Obesity. 2018;13(10):628-31. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijpo.12428
Authors' information:
Bakoev Farrukh Saidzhonovich,
Postgraduate Student of the Department of Pediatric Diseases № 1, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-7498-2938
SPIN: 7365-3484
Author ID: 1079409
E-mail: baqoev.farrukh.saidjonovich@gmail.com
Dodkhoev Jamshed Saidboboevich,
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of the Department Pediatric Diseases № 1, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
Researcher ID: AAA-5497-2020
Scopus ID: 6505977054
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-9228-8544
SPIN: 6609-4501
Author ID: 843620
E-mail: jamshed.dodkhoev@gmail.com
Abdullozoda Said Murtazo,
Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Epidemiology named after Professor Kh.K. Rаfiev, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
ORCID ID: 0000-0003-0058-9633
SPIN: 5979-1928
Author ID: 991827
E-mail: saidxoja@gmail.com
Information about support in the form of grants, equipment, medications
The research was carried out in accordance with the research plan of Avicenna Tajik State Medical University (state registration number – GR0123TJ520). The authors did not receive financial support from manufacturers of medicines and medical equipment
Conflicts of interest: No conflict
Address for correspondence:
Bakoev Farrukh Saidzhonovich Postgraduate Student of the Department of Pediatric Diseases № 1, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
734026, Republic of Tajikistan, Dushanbe, Sino str., 29-31
Tel.: +992 (900) 446498
E-mail: baqoev.farrukh.saidjonovich@gmail.com
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Materials on the topic:
- GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT DISEASES: A LONG-TERM EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY
- EVALUATION OF THE MEASLES EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM IN DUSHANBE, TAJIKISTAN, 2023
- A PILOT STUDY EXAMINING THE BODY COMPOSITION OF THE POPULATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN USING BIOELECTRICAL IMPEDANCE ANALYSIS
- SCREENING FOR OBESITY IN TAJIKISTAN ADULT POPULATION: A PILOT PROJECT IN SELECTED DISTRICTS
- EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF PERTUSSIS IN CHILDREN
- CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF INFLUENZA IN CHILDREN RESIDING IN THE ASTRAKHAN REGION
- EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE PREVALENCE AND MORBIDITY OF THE POPULATION WITH CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE IN KYRGYZ REPUBLIC
- EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF MEASLES OUTBREAK IN KYRGYZ REPUBLIC FOR THE 2018 YEAR
- SCREENING OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE IN TAJIKISTAN RESIDENTS