REVIEW ARTICLE
Intensive Care
doi: 10.25005/2074-0581-2024-26-3-427-438
ACUTE CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT IN CHILDREN: CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND INTENSIVE CARE MANAGEMENT

YU.V. BYKOV1,2, A.N. OBEDIN1,3, V.V. FISCHER1,4, E.V. VOLKOV1,5, O.V. ZINCHENKO1, A.A. MURAVYOVA1, I.V. YATSUK1,6

1Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation with a Course of Additional Professional Education, Stavropol State Medical University, Stavropol, Russian Federation
2Children's City Clinical Hospital named after G.K. Filippsky, Stavropol, Russian Federation
3Stavropol Regional Clinical Perinatal Center No. 1, Stavropol, Russian Federation
4Shpakovskaya District Hospital, Mikhaylovsk, Russian Federation
5Stavropol Regional Clinical Hospital, Stavropol, Russian Federation
6Stavropol City Clinical Emergency Hospital, Stavropol, Russian Federation

Acute cerebrovascular accident (CVA) is a severe condition in children and adolescents with a high risk of disability. A literature review was carried outon intensive stroke care in children and adolescents using databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, and eLibrary. The search utilized keywords suchas "acute cerebrovascular accident", "stroke", "children", "clinical manifestations", and "intensive care". The review includes sources for the last 10years (2014-2024). The inclusion criteria consisted of descriptions of clinical manifestations and intensive care management for stroke in childhood and adolescence. The exclusion criteria referred to articles on the clinical presentation and treatment of stroke in adult patients. The main factors for stroke in childhood include sickle cell anemia, cardiovascular diseases, cancer pathology, and genetic disorders. The manifestations of stroke in children and adolescents have nonspecific clinical features. There are currently no approved protocols for the treatment of stroke in children, and there are insufficient clinical studies for this condition. Therefore, pediatric practice often extrapolates aspects of intensive care for stroke from the adult population. The type of stroke, such as arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) or hemorrhagic stroke (HS), cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, or stroke due to sickle cell anemia, determines the emergency care required for children. Intensive therapy should be carried out in a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU), focusing on stabilizing vital functions and maintaining optimal cerebral perfusion pressure. Developing specific protocols for intensive stroke treatment in children and adolescents is necessary to improve the quality of emergency care for this patient population

Keywords: Cerebrovascular accident, stroke, children and adolescents, clinical manifestations, intensive care.

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Authors' information:

Bykov Yuriy Vitalyevich,
Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation with a Course of Additional Professional Education, Stavropol State Medical University; Anesthesiologist-Reanimatologist, Children's City Hospital named after G.K. Filippsky
ORCID ID: 0000-0003-4705-3823
E-mail: yubykov@gmail.com

Obedin Aleksandr Nikolaevich,
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the of Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation with a Course of Additional Professional Education, Stavropol State Medical University; Deputy Chief Physician for Pediatric Care, Stavropol Regional Clinical Perinatal Center No. 1
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-9990-7272
Е-mail: volander@mail.ru

Fischer Vasiliy Vladimirovich,
Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation with a Course of Additional Professional Education, Stavropol State Medical University; Deputy Chief Medical Officer, Shpakovskaya District Hospital
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-9841-6930
Е-mail: vvfisher26@gmail.com

Volkov Evgeniy Vladimirovich,
Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation with a Course of Additional Professional Education, Stavropol State Medical University; Head of the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care No. 1, Stavropol Regional Clinical Hospital
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-9841-6930
Е-mail: volkov26@mail.ru

Zinchenko Oleg Vasilievich,
Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation with a Course of Additional Professional Education, Stavropol State Medical University ORCID
ID: 0000-0003-4729-5101
Е-mail: regionar2008@yandex.ru

Muravyova Alla Anatolyevna,
Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation with a Course of Additional Professional Education, Stavropol State Medical University
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-4460-870X
Е-mail: muravyeva81@mail.ru

Yatsuk Ivan Viktorovich,
Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation with a Course of Additional Professional Education, Stavropol State Medical University; Head of the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care No. 1, Stavropol City Clinical Emergency Hospital
ORCID ID: 0000-0001-5482-8581
Е-mail: yatsukiv@gmail.com

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Conflicts of interest: No conflict

Address for correspondence:

Bykov Yuriy Vitalyevich
Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation with a Course of Additional Professional Education, Stavropol State Medical University; Anesthesiologist-Reanimatologist, Children's City Hospital named after G.K. Filippsky

355031, Russian Federation, Stavropol, Mira str., 310

Теl.: + 7 (962) 4430492

E-mail: yubykov@gmail.com

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