FOR THE MEDICAL PRACTITIONER
Oncology
doi: 10.25005/2074-0581-2025-27-3-764-775
ROLE OF RADIATION THERAPY IN COMBINED AND MULTIMODAL TREATMENT OF T3-4N1-2-3M0-1-2 STAGE SKIN CANCER

M.B. SAYFUTDINOVA1, D.Z. ZIKIRYAKHODZHAEV2, SH.K. NAZAROV3

1Department of Roentgenology and Radiology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan
2Association of Directors of Oncology and Radiology Centers and Institutes of the CIS, Moscow, Russian Federation
3Department of Surgical Diseases No. 1 named after Akademician K.M. Kurbоnov, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of radiation therapy in the comprehensive treatment of cutaneous late-stage cancer (LSC).

Methods: This study analyzes the treatment outcomes of 522 patients with skin cancer, categorized as T3-4N1-2-3M0-1-2, who were registered and treated at the Republican Oncology Research Center in Dushanbe, Tajikistan. The locations of the cancer were as follows: head and neck – 440 patients (84.3%), trunk – 47 patients (9.0%), upper limbs – 26 patients (5.0%), and lower limbs – 9 patients (1.7%). Morphological examinations revealed the presence of squamous cell carcinoma in 340 patients (65.1%). Among these, 234 patients (44.8%) had non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma (NKSCC), while 106 patients (20.3%) were diagnosed with keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma (KSCC). Additionally, basal cell carcinoma (BCC) was found in 182 patients (34.9%).

Results: Combination therapy was utilized in several ways: telegamma therapy (TGT) combined with polychemotherapy (PCT) was used in 41 cases (7.8%); PCT combined with TGT was used in 9 cases (1.7%); and TGT combined with surgery was used in 64 cases (12.3%). Multimodal therapy was also administered in different combinations: TGT, surgery, and TGT together were used in 98 cases (18.8%), while TGT, surgery, and PCT were used in 51 cases (9.8%). TGT alone was administered to 244 patients (46.7%). Out of the total number of patients with cutaneous LSC observed, 168 patients (32.2%) reported subjective improvements, and 158 patients (30.3%) showed objective improvements in their condition. This indicates that radiation therapy was effective for 326 out of 522 patients, or 62.5%.

Conclusion: The results indicated that treating cutaneous LSC requires a multimodal approach. Radiation therapy can be utilized in various ways and serves as a key component of specialized treatment. When appropriately administered, palliative radiation therapy for advanced skin cancer can alleviate symptoms and complications, thereby enhancing patients' quality of life.

Keywords: Skin cancer, stages of skin cancer, metastases, basal cell and squamous cell skin cancer, radiation therapy, combined and multimodal treatment.

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Authors' information:

Sayfutdinova Munfiza Burkhonovna,
Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Roentgenology and Radiology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
Researcher ID: KBA-2116-2024
Scopus ID: 58513181800
ORCID ID: 0009-0000-5083-1863
SPIN: 1164-1158
Author ID: 1099069
E-mail: munfiza.sayfutdinova@mail.ru

Zikiryakhodzhaev Dilshod Zukirovich,
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Full Professor, Vice President for International Relations, Association of Directors of Oncology and Radiology Centers and Institutes of the CIS
Researcher ID: KHX-4304-2024
ORCID ID: 0009-0006-0402-911X
SPIN: 8347-6047
Author ID: 1242743
E-mail: firuzik49@mail.ru

Nazarov Shokhin Kuvvatovich,
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Gull Professor, Head of the Department of Surgical Diseases No. 1 named after Akademician K.M. Kurbоnov, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
Scopus ID: 57216884240
ORCID ID: 0000-0003-2099-2353
SPIN: 1817-7089
Author ID: 845034
E-mail: shohin67@mail.ru

Information about support in the form of grants, equipment, medications

The authors did not receive financial support from manufacturers of medicines and medical equipment

Conflicts of interest: No conflict

Address for correspondence:

Sayfutdinova Munfiza Burkhonovna
Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Roentgenology and Radiology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University

734026, Republic of Tajikistan, Dushanbe, Sino str., 29-31

Tel.: +992 (918) 665261

E-mail: munfiza.sayfutdinova@mail.ru


This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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