CASE REPORT
Abdominal Surgery
doi: 10.25005/2074-0581-2025-27-4-1072-1079
DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL BLEEDING: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY AND CASE REPORTS

S.N. STYAZHKINA1, SH.K. NAZAROV2, A.R. MUKHAMETZYANOVA1, S.D. PANASENKO1, A.A. GARIFULLINA1, F.T. YULDASHEV1

1Department of Topographic Anatomy and Operative Surgery, Izhevsk State Medical Academy, Izhevsk, Russian Federation
2Department of Surgical Diseases No. 1 named after Academician K.M. Kurbonov, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan

Objective: To analyze the primary causes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) among patients admitted to a public hospital in Izhevsk, Russia, and to evaluate the effectiveness of various hemostatic methods using a retrospective study design and illustrative case presentations.

Methods: Statistical analysis was performed on the etiology of acute UGIB among 145 patients admitted to the surgery department of the First Republican Clinical Hospital of Izhevsk, Udmurt Republic, Russia, between January 2023 and October 2024. Additionally, two case reports on acute UGIB from the Naberezhnye Chelny Emergency Hospital in the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia, are presented. The discussion includes the etiology of acute UGIB, the patient's health status upon admission, and the methods of hemostasis employed

Results: In a study of 145 patients, 45 (31%) had acute UGIB due to duodenal ulcers (DU). Gastric ulcer (GU) was identified in 35 (24.1%) patients. Other causes of acute UGIB included Mallory-Weiss syndrome in 29 patients (20%), erosive gastritis in 12 patients (8.3%), and erosive esophagitis in 10 patients (6.9%). Additionally, 14 patients (9.7%) had other causes of acute UGIB. The analysis of case presentations revealed that the primary causes of acute UGIB among the admitted patients were gastric ulcers and Mallory-Weiss syndrome. The primary method used to stop the bleeding was combined hemostasis, which proved successful in both cases.

Conclusion: According to the study, the primary causes of acute UGIB are DU and GU. The most effective method for stopping acute UGIB is combined hemostasis.

Keywords: Duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer, Mallory-Weiss syndrome, gastrointestinal bleeding, endoscopic hemostasis.

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Authors' information:

Styazhkina Svetlana Nikolaevna,
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Full Professor, Head of the Department of Topographic Anatomy and Operative Surgery, Izhevsk State Medical Academy
Scopus ID: 57190971160
ORCID ID: 0000-0001-5787-8269
SPIN: 4853-6833
Author ID: 591941
E-mail: sstazkina064@gmail.com

Nazarov Shokhin Kuvvatovich,
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Head of the Department of Surgical Diseases No. 1 named after Academician K.M. Kurbonov, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
Researcher ID: F-5504-2019
ORCID ID: 0000-0003-2099-2353
SPIN: 1817-7089
Author ID: 845034
E-mail: shohin67@mail.ru

Mukhametzyanova Aleksandra Rustamovna,
Graduate Student, Izhevsk State Medical Academy
ORCID ID: 0009-0008-1957-2646
E-mail: aleksandra.turgeneva15@mail.ru

Panasenko Sofya Denisovna,
Graduate Student, Izhevsk State Medical Academy
ORCID ID: 0009-0009-5519-8468
E-mail: sonyapanasenko28@mail.ru

Garifullina Alsu Azatovna,
Graduate Student, Izhevsk State Medical Academy
ORCID ID: 0009-0004-6212-214X
E-mail: alsu.garifullina987@mail.ru

Yuldashev Farkhod Talibovich,
Postgraduate Student of the Department of Topographic Anatomy and Operative Surgery, Izhevsk State Medical Academy
ORCID ID: 0009-0004-7647-6424
E-mail: Dr.farhad@bk.ru

Information about support in the form of grants, equipment, medications

The authors did not receive financial support from manufacturers of medicines and medical equipment

Conflicts of interest: No conflict

Address for correspondence:

Styazhkina Svetlana Nikolaevna
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Full Professor, Head of the Department of Topographic Anatomy and Operative Surgery, Izhevsk State Medical Academy

426034, Russian Federation, Izhevsk, Kommunarov str., 281

Tel.: +7 (950) 8205110

E-mail: sstazkina064@gmail.com


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