ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Pediatric Surgery
doi: 10.25005/2074-0581-2026-28-2-336-345
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SPECIFIC RISK FACTORS AND UROLITHIASIS IN CHILDREN

SH.A. YUSUPOV1, L.R. KHAKIMOVA2

1Department of Pediatric Surgery № 1, Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Republic of Uzbekistan
2Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Public Health, and Healthcare Management, Faculty of Continuing Professional Education, Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Republic of Uzbekistan

Objective: This study aimed to compare clinical, anamnestic, anthropometric, and laboratory parameters in children with urolithiasis according to the presence of a dominant inheritance (unfavorable genotype). Additionally, the study evaluated the prognostic value of vitamin D levels regarding disease recurrence.

Methods: A total of 100 children, aged 8 months to 18 years (mean age 13.4±0.8 years), treated at the Multidisciplinary Specialized Center for Pediatric Surgery (2nd Clinic) of Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan, were included. Patients were divided into two subgroups based on hereditary predisposition: subgroup 1 (n=80), children with dominant inheritance of urolithiasis (unfavorable genotype); and subgroup 2 (n=20), children without dominant inheritance. Data were collected using anamnestic, clinical, anthropometric, laboratory, imaging, and immunogenetic research methods.

Results: School-aged children predominated the cohort, with 43% aged 4-11 years and 46% aged 12-18 years; the male-to-female ratio was approximately 2:1 (67% boys, 33% girls). In the dominant inheritance subgroup, abdominal pain (75%), lumbar pain (69%), macrohematuria (65%), and dysuria (57%) were more prevalent. However, the only statistically significant intergroup difference was the frequency of dry skin (51% vs. 25%; p=0.045). Anthropometric analysis revealed a trend toward lower body weight, height, and BMI relative to age-matched medians. Vitamin D deficiency was significantly more common in children with recurrent urolithiasis than in those with primary urolithiasis (35.0% vs. 16.3%; p<0.05). A 25(OH)D level <25 ng/ml was strongly associated with an increased risk of relapse (RR=13.5; Sensitivity=88.2%; Specificity=80.3%).

Conclusion: The clinical course and recurrence risk in pediatric urolithiasis should be assessed by integrating hereditary predisposition, clinical symptoms, anthropometric status, and vitamin D levels. A serum 25(OH)D concentration below 25 ng/mL is a significant prognostic marker for recurrence, warranting regular laboratory monitoring.

Keywords: Urolithiasis, risk factors, recurrence, hereditary predisposition, clinical symptoms, anthropometric status, vitamin D, pediatrics.

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Authors' information:

Yusupov Shukhrat Abdurasulovich,
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Full Professor, Head of the Department of Pediatric Surgery № 1, Samarkand State Medical University
ORCID ID: 0000-0001-7259-028X
E-mail: shuchrat_66@mail.ru

Khakimova Leyla Rafikovna,
PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Public Health, and Healthcare Management, Faculty of Continuing Professional Education, Samarkand State Medical University
ORCID ID: 0000-0003-4638-9499
E-mail: lsf-3@rambler.ru

Information about support in the form of grants, equipment, medications

This study was conducted as part of the Samarkand State Medical University research initiative: "Development of advanced technologies for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of socially significant infectious and non-infectious human diseases" (State Registration No. 012000260). The authors did not receive financial support from manufacturers of medicines and medical equipment

Conflicts of interest: No conflict

Address for correspondence:

Yusupov Shukhrat Abdurasulovich
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Full Professor, Head of the Department of Pediatric Surgery № 1, Samarkand State Medical University

140100, Republic of Uzbekistan, Samarkand, Amir Temur str., 18

Tel.: +998 (662) 330766

E-mail: shuchrat_66@mail.ru


This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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