Neurology

doi: 10.25005/2074-0581-2021-23-3-342-351
NON-MOTOR SYMPTOMS OF PARKINSON DISEASE

N.A. Zaripov1, J.S. Dodkhoev2, S.M. Abdullozoda3, R.J. Jamolova4

1Department of Neurology and Fundamentals of Medical Genetics, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan
2Department of Pediatric Diseases № 1, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan
3Department of Epidemiology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan
4Department of Internal Medicine № 3, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan

Objective: To assess the specific non-motor symptoms of Parkinson disease (PD) at its early (preclinical) stages using the NMSQuest scale.

Methods: The respondents were divided into 2 groups. The first (main) group included 43 patients with confirmed PD at the age of 51-79 years, on average 66.18±7.79 years. PD duration in the main group ranged from 7 to 28 years (12.65±4.86). The following forms of PD were identified: mixed form – 28 patients (65.1%), akinetic-rigid form – 9 patients (20.9%) and trembling form – 6 patients (13.9%). The second group (control) included 28 individuals without signs of neurodegenerative diseases, including PD, and other severe somatic pathologies. Their age ranged from 47 to 81 years (64.75±10.05). The following concomitant disorders (initial stages, compensated forms) were found in the patients of the 2nd group: arterial hypertension – in 13 patients (46.4%), diabetes mellitus – 9 patients (32.1%); osteoarthritis – 6 patients (21.4%).

Results: Non-motor signs of PD, such as hypersalivation, decreased sense of smell, difficulty swallowing, memory impairment, constipation, increased sweating, difficulty walking and loss of self-confidence were significantly more often noticed in the main group, which indicated that they were typical for the patients with PD. It can be assumed that these symptoms could predict the development of PD during the latent and prodromal periods of the disease.

Conclusion: Undoubtedly, the motor symptoms that occur in PD exert a significant negative affect on the lifestyle of patients. However, the non-motor symptoms of the disease should not be overlooked. Although many scientists associate the non-motor symptoms of PD with the aging process, our study showed that the use of screening scales confirmed their specificity for PD and correlation with its duration. At the same time, statistical analysis showed that a number of symptoms are characteristic only of PD, while the rest are associated with the natural aging process.

Keywords: Parkinson disease, early stage, non-motor symptoms, screening scales, NMSQuest.

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Author information:


Zaripov Nurali Abdurakibovich
PhD Student, Department of Neurology and Fundamentals of Medical Genetics, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
ORCID ID: 0000-0001-5494-1218
Author ID: 1054132
SPIN: 8489-6082
E-mail: nur.tj-94@mail.ru

Dodkhoev Jamshed Saidboboevich
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Pediatric Diseases № 1, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
Researcher ID: AAA-5497-2020
Scopus ID: 6505977054
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-9228-8544
Author ID: 843620
SPIN: 6609-4501
E-mail: jamshedsd@yandex.com

Abdullozoda Said Murtazo
Candidate of Medical Sciences, Applicant of the Department of Epidemiology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
ORCID ID: 0000-0003-0058-7633
Author ID: 991827
SPIN: 5979-1928
E-mail: saidxoja@gmail.com

Jamolova Rukhshona Jaloliddinovna
Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Internal Medicine № 3, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-3327-0459
E-mail: ruha13@mail.ru

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The authors did not receive financial support from companies manufacturing medications and medical equipment

Conflicts of interest: No conflict

Address for correspondence:


Zaripov Nurali Abdurakibovich
PhD Student, Department of Neurology and Fundamentals of Medical Genetics, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University

734003, Republic of Tajikistan, Dushanbe, Rudaki Ave., 139

Tel.: +992 (987) 329015

E-mail: nur.tj-94@mail.ru

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